A View From the Bridge - Arthur Miller - Catherines diary :: English Literature

A view from the bridge- Arthur miller Catherines diarySeptember 18th 1937Y know I was sitting down today and Eddie comes in from work, looked actually tired. I had bonnie dressed in my new dress that I bought for mynew job and I had done my hair in a different style, it looked reallygood. I asked him what he thought of it, and do you know what he said?He said the skirt was too short and the heels were too attentiondrawing. He even told me Im walking wavy and that he doesnt like theway I postulate been attracting looks from the people in the shops, I toldhim they look at every girlfri quit that way but this only seemed to infuriatehim more. Whats up with him these days, he doesnt let me doanything. Whens he going to realize that Im not a little childanymore? I just want him to approve of me and it makes me so upsetwhen he doesnt, why cant he be like my friends fathers and let mehave more freedom? Im not saying I dont appreciate him and how hardhes worked and that he took me in and all but sometimes hes justmakes me so annoyed. Anyway, he told me that Beatrices cousins shouldbe arriving today, Im so excited, and I cant wait. I wonder whattheyre going to be like. Marco and Rodolfo are their names but thatsall I know about them unconnected from that Marco has kids.Youll never guess what Eddie and Beatrice were arguing about todayjust after Eddie told Beatrice about her cousins. They argued aboutwhere the Beatrices cousins were going to sleep. I mean cant B just quit moaning at Eddie, hes a good man and she just doesnt appreciatehim but they settled it and they made up.I told Eddie about the job, he was so not pleased. He wants me tofinish the stenography class. I want to work, Ill be getting paid $50per week, think of what I could do with that money. Its such aprivilege to be chosen out of the whole class, they said I was thebest that they saw there so I could still get my certificate at theend of the year, plus theres nothing better than putting what Ivelearn t into practice. I want Eddie to be happy for me, cant he seethat its impossible to turn the job down, I just cant, for goodnesssakes . Its not like Im going to be working in a bad company, its

Companies Should Research Health Care Products For Use in Developing Na

Companies Should Research Health Care Products For Use in Developing NationsThe industry of medical research and product development is an expensive and questioning business in which the rate of failure far outweighs the likelihood of success (Glaxo). Only the largest companies can afford to invest large amounts of time and capital in projects that seem to have little chance of striking research gold--a drug that is effective, safe, and marketable for a profit. This creates an obvious problem what incentives exist that would encourage companies to make a commitment to the development and distribution of products that are not likely to produce great returns, namely medicines that would be used mainly in third demesne countries? Are these companies morally obligated to earmark at least around of their profits to pursue such projects? What responsibilities do the regimens of developing nations have to their citizens in providing and modify health care? Some of the most urgent curre nt health issues in developing countries are the threats posed by drug-resistant TB and malaria, Hepatitis A and B, chickenhearted fever, meningococcal meningitis, and typhoid fever (Alameda). Vaccines are available for all of the above infections except TB and malaria, but separate injections are required for apiece, some require follow-ups, and each injection costs as much as $75 (Alameda). This is an expense that is obviously not practical for most rural citizens in Africa and Southeast Asia, some of the areas where these diseases are most prevalent (Glaxo). No relief effort to date has the resources to make widespread distribution of these vaccines possible or practical. The very beginning of the employment is making products that will greatly increase the health o... ...of companies with the resources who would enjoy the benefits. In addition, it is obvious that the US on an international scale benefits from such efforts, and thus our government should be willing to support or conduct such research when necessary. Works CitedAlameda Travel Vaccination Center. About the Vaccines Alameda Travel Vaccination Center. http www.netcantina.com/travelmed/homepage/.htm (6 March 1997). Belden, Peter. US Agency for International Development. Letter to the author. 8 March 1997. Glaxo Wellcome Inc. A Timely, Two-Sided Attack on Malaria, Glaxo Wellcome Noticeboard, Glaxo Wellcome Research Centres. Glaxo Wellcome http//www.glaxowellcome.co.uk/netscape/world contains links to all articles (6 March 1997). Smallpox. encyclopaedia Britannica. vol. 10, 1994 ed. p. 887-8. Ryan, Dr. Thomas E. Physician. Letter to the author. 8 Mar 1997.

The Concept of Death and Afterlife in W.B.Yeats Byzantium and Sailing

I. INTRODUCTIONEvery soul shall have a taste of death. That brings us to a capitulum of what death really is. Generally speaking, the basic concept of the process so called death is build up on the facts that this process starts when the heart stop its maneuver to pump the blood which leads to the brain damage and the failure of the whole systems of human clay. When all the system or the functions of human organs are out of work, the body itself becomes livenessless or dead.Furthermore, according to the religious points of view, being dead, as we mention above does not mean that the locomote of human soul has come to an end. On the contrary once the soul left the body, it will transform into another living form and will live until the judgment day arrives.?When all successiveness comes to an end, time comes to an end, and the soul puts on the rhythmic or spiritual or luminous body and contemplates all the events of its memory and every possible impulse in an eternal possession of itself in one single moment. That condition is alone animate, all the rest is phantasy, and from thence came all the passions, and some have held, the very heating system of the body?.(Norman, A. Jaffares. 1984, p.333)Apart from religious definition of death above, in fact Yeats is neither orthodoxy religious nor orthodoxy scientific. He has his own science, which is an occult one, and his own religion or sophisticated lower mythology and in prose he sometimes reconciles them at the level of mystic. His tolerance in religions resulted in inconsistent and ambiguous attitude as reflected in his Byzantium and Sailing to Byzantium.II. RELIGIOUS DOCTRINES INVOLVED2.1 Christian DoctrineOn the matter of death, according to Christian doctrine of man, God created hu... ... go through relieving its earthly life and will be purified in purgatory. solely the evil deeds in human soul will be cleansing so that the soul becomes intimately and pure again and after that the soul will be unite d with the body again and he rebirth to lead on earthly life. All the evil deeds and good deeds done in the previous life will done in the previous life will conciliate the condition of the present life, be it good or bad.The above concept of Yeats no doubt is idealized by him from mixing up the two doctrines Christian and Hinduism. In fact there is no incarnation in Christian doctrine of man. When a man dies he will go for spiritual journey to heaven (of course after cleansing in purgatory) as suggested by the title Sailing to Byzantium. But W. B. Yeats is so impressed and influenced by Hinduism and may be his love for earthly life so he wants to be incarnated.

Sony vs Connectix :: Argumentative Persuasive Software Essays

Sony vs Connectix Introduction Reverse engineering has become a controversial topic in the package industry. In 1999, Sony filed a suit against Connectix alleging copyright infringement concerning a Macintosh emulator of the Sony Playstation known as the Virtual Game Station. This emulator allows Macintosh users to duck soup Playstation games without a Sony Playstation. A federal judge ruled in favor of Sony, and issued an order that Connectix halt its sales of the emulator. The next year Connectix appealed the ruling, and the Federal Court of Appeals transposed the original ruling. Video game business in the United States al wholeness is a billion dollar industry and legal decisions such as this bingle have huge ramifications not just for the game industry, but for the entire software industry as well. In order to determine the right decision, one has to examine different ethical perspectives ranging from determining what action results in the most happiness of the stakeholders involved to what inherent rights each individual stakeholder is entitled to.Background Sony is the nobleman of the Sony Playstation. Video game console manufacturers generally use the console as a loss leader and hope to profit on their gaming platforms by selling licenses to produce games to software manufacturing companies. Thus, Sony created a barrier of entry in console manufacturing because other hardware manufacturers would have to be willing to lose silver per hardware unit sold in order to compete with Sony. Also, such a manufacturer wouldnt receive the software game revenues that Sony receives, which gave Sony what seemed to be a monopoly on the Playstation platform. The Sony Playstation consists of hardware components and software components. The software component is the Sony BIOS, which is resides in read-only memory. Sony holds a copyright on the BIOS.1 The Connectix Virtual Game Station emulates the functionality of the So ny Playstation. A consumer could purchase a Playstation game, load it into his Macintosh CD-drive, and play the game using the Virtual Game Station. Connectix created the emulator by purchasing a Playstation, copying the contents of the BIOS into the memory of a Macintosh, and observing the input into the BIOS and the output of the hardware.

The Global Pharmaceutical Market Forecast Essays -- International Phar

MARKET OVERVIEW The global pharmaceutical market is a multibillion-dollar industry. The 10 largest drug companies control over one-third of the market, several(prenominal) with sales of more than $10B a year and profit margins of 30%. Six of these companies are based in the U.S. and four are in Europe. It is predicted that North and in the s come to the foreh America, Europe, and Japan will continue to dominate by accounting for 85% of the worlds pharmaceutical market. Companies currently spend one-third of all sales revenue on marketing, which is roughly twice of what they spent on R&D (Pharmaceutical Industry). The cost of innovation proves to be very luxuriously as the drug business is very risky 1 out of 10,000 discovered compounds are approved for sale. Since 2001, the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research averaged 22.9 approvals per year. just now 3 out of 20 approved drugs bring in adequate revenue to cover the R&D costs and only 1 out of 3 approved drug generate enough revenue to cover previous failures. According to a study by Bain & Company, the cost of discovering, developing, and launching a new drug rose to approximately $1.7 billion in 2003, taking into account opportunity costs, marketing, and other business expenses (Pharma Markets). SUPPLY The major means affecting supply is the advancement of technology. The development of simulation and data analysis tools condenses the drugs process time from development to full-scale production. Process imagery and high frequency camera systems help hasten products from clinical trial stage to commercial availability. Integrated sensors are being used to monitor the achievement and quality parameters of drug manufacturing processes on a real-time basis in order to ensure the quality of the medicine ... ...http//www.who.int/trade/glossary/story073/en/index.html. Prest, Richard. echt Demand Forecasting. Pharmaceutical Industry. PharmaManufacturing.com, n.d. Web. 14 Mar. 2013. . Schacht, Wendy H., a nd John R. Thomas. Patent Law and Its Application to the Pharmaceutical Industry. Rep. no. RL30756. The Library of Congress, 10 Jan. 2005. Web. 14 Mar. 2013. . Silverman, Ed. Global Drug using up Is Forecast To Rebound. Pharmalot. PharmaLive.com, 12 July 2012. Web. 15 Mar. 2013. . Vogel, Ronald J. The Demand for Pharmaceuticals. Pharmaceutical Economics and Public Policy. New York Pharmaceutical Products, 2007. 90-108. Print.

The Global Pharmaceutical Market Forecast Essays -- International Phar

MARKET OVERVIEW The global pharmaceutical market is a multibillion-dollar industry. The 10 largest dose companies control over one-third of the market, several with sales of more than $10B a year and profit margins of 30%. Six of these companies are based in the U.S. and four are in Europe. It is predicted that North and South America, Europe, and Japan will come on to dominate by accounting for 85% of the worlds pharmaceutical market. Companies currently spend one-third of all sales revenue on marketing, which is more or less twice of what they spent on R&D (Pharmaceutical Industry). The cost of innovation proves to be very high as the drug commercial enterprise is very risky 1 out of 10,000 discovered compounds are approved for sale. Since 2001, the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research averaged 22.9 approvals per year. Only 3 out of 20 approved drugs bring in adequate revenue to cover the R&D costs and only 1 out of 3 approved drug generate enough revenue to cover previous f ailures. According to a study by Bain & Company, the cost of discovering, developing, and launching a new drug rosebush to approximately $1.7 billion in 2003, taking into account opportunity costs, marketing, and other business expenses (Pharma Markets). SUPPLY The major factor affecting supply is the advancement of technology. The development of simulation and data analysis tools condenses the drugs process time from development to full-scale production. Process tomography and high frequency tv camera systems help hasten products from clinical trial stage to commercial availability. Integrated sensors are being used to monitor the performance and quality parameters of drug manufacturing processes on a real-time basis in order to ensure the quality of the medicine ... ...http//www.who.int/trade/glossary/story073/en/index.html. Prest, Richard. Real Demand Forecasting. Pharmaceutical Industry. PharmaManufacturing.com, n.d. Web. 14 Mar. 2013. . Schacht, Wendy H., and John R. Thomas. Patent Law and Its Application to the Pharmaceutical Industry. Rep. no. RL30756. The Library of Congress, 10 Jan. 2005. Web. 14 Mar. 2013. . Silverman, Ed. Global Drug Spending Is Forecast To Rebound. Pharmalot. PharmaLive.com, 12 July 2012. Web. 15 Mar. 2013. . Vogel, Ronald J. The Demand for Pharmaceuticals. Pharmaceutical Economics and Public Policy. New York Pharmaceutical Products, 2007. 90-108. Print.

Unity in diversity Essay

Unity in diversity is easy to talk but impossible to achieve in a country like India. India is secular country meaning in India every single religion has equal rights. With the 42nd Amendment of the Constitution of India enacted in 1976,3 the precede to the Constitution asserted that India is a secular land. However, neither Indias constitution nor its laws define the relationship between religion and state. In spite of secularism India is lacking in Unity. Unity means the state of being united or joined as a whole. Unity in diversity is a judgment of Unity without uniformity and diversity without fragmentation. In India in that respect are a vast no. of diversities i.e. Physical Diversities, Racial Diversities, Linguistic Diversities and the main ghostly Diversities. In India, there are people of different physique like some are small whereas some are tall, some are slow and some are white, etc.India is a subcontinent where in early times a lot of different races came and get settled like Aryans and Persians. decrease In India, people spoke 780 different types of languages making it one of the most linguistic country. India is a land of multiple religions. We find here followers of various faiths, especially of Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism. But, the thing because of which it is merely impossible for India to Unite is the thinking of the people of different religions. In Hinduism, the scare is regarded as a sacred animal and killing of cow is treated as anti-Hindu. On the other hand, in Islam there is no such thing as cow being sacred and therefore comely anti-Hindu. This thing in turn makes both Hindus and Muslims enemy.And where there is enmity, there is no unity. On the other hand, there are many fights over the topic divine Religion. Hindu thinks their religion is more sacred than Islam whereas Muslims thinks their religion is more sacred than Hinduism. This thinking starts the conflict between Hindu and Muslims. Not only this when there were some chances of people of the same religion coming in Unity. People started caste administration. According to caste system, Indian society is divided into three castes General, OBC (other retroflex castes), SC (scheduled caste).This also helps diversity to spread in India, by dividing The people of the same religion. For India to become united, I think first of all caste system should be abolished. Indians should take lessons from Indian past where a Catholic lady steps aside from becoming a Prime Minister for a Sikh and where a Sikh is sworn in as a PrimeMinister by a Muslim President to govern a nation of over 80% Hindus. In the end I would say that we must think ourselves as human and respect each other. Only then we depart be able to achieve Unity.

Air Force One

One is a movie about that the president of the United States of America goes to Moscow, and he gives an inspiring speech about the Aquas new Zero- tolerance policy with terrorism. However, during the flight home, a amount of terrorists pretend they argon the news crew of Russia, and they take oer the plane successfully with a betrayers, who is an agent of Secret Service, help. The president does non level his family and the other hostages, and he choose to fight against the terrorists.Overall, he wins the fight, and the majority of the hostages and the branch family has been saved. The First Leadership hot seat pile marshal President James Marshall deserves as draw. To begin with, as a leader, he Is responsible and brave. When the crawls comes, he does not choose to escape, though he has the chance, he stays with his people, and tries his best to save his people and family from the terrorists. Moreover, as a leader, James has full of positive energy, and he also has the sense of Justice.This can be proved by according to his words during his speech in Moscow, Peace Is not merely the absence of conflict, b arely the presence of justice. Furthermore, as a leader, James Marshall is wise. According to this quote, If you give a mouse a cookie, its goanna want a glass of milk. From this quote, it shows that James Marshall is so wise that he knows he can not compromise with the terrorists because the terrorists will be more and more greedy. Overall, President James Marshall deserves as leader because he is responsible, brave, wise, and has the sense of Justice.The Second Leadership Vice President Kathy Bennett Vice President Kathy Bennett deserves as leader. First of all, as a leader, she is inactive and virile enough. When she has heard that the terrorists have hijacked, ND the president, James Marshall, is still alive, she says that, If were going to act, we have to act now. From this quote, it shows that Bennett is very manful, and she knows that if some thing has been decided, is must be done without hesitate. More importantly, Kathy Bennett is very intelligent.When she knows that the terrorists are armed, she realizes quickly that there must be a betrayer in Secret Service, and this can be proved by this quote, How the hell did they get glow Force One? Finally, Vice President Kathy Bennett deserves as leader because she is unruffled, manful, ND really intelligent. The Third Leadership Ivan Surrounds Ivan Surrounds is a little chieftain of the terrorists, he deserves as leader. First of all, he is very high-pressure, and he can always over his enemy ahead.For instance, Your national security adviser has Just been executed. Moreover, as a leader of terrorists he is very calm. Ivan Isochronous indifference Is easy to be proved. For Instance, before they hijack the plane, he and his men pretend to be the news crew of Russia, and they are so calm that do not show any slip before the crestless and Secret Service. In conclusion, Iva n Surrounds deserves as leader because he Is really aggressive and very calm even face to face with the enemies.Air Force One By Lie-Jigsaw does not level his family and the other hostages, and he choose to fight against the President James Marshall deserves as leader. To begin with, as a leader, he is responsible and brave. When the crisis comes, he does not choose to escape, though family from the terrorists. Moreover, as a leader, James has full of positive energy, during his speech in Moscow, Peace is not merely the absence of conflict, but the reserve of Justice. Furthermore, as a leader, James Marshall is wise.According to unruffled and manful enough. When she has heard that the terrorists have hijacked, inform national security adviser has Just been executed. Moreover, as a leader of terrorists he is very calm. Ivan Isochronous calmness is easy to be proved. For instance, before they hijack the plane, he and his men pretend to be the news crew of Russia, and they are so cal m that do not show any slip before the securities and Secret Service. In conclusion, Ivan Surrounds deserves as leader because he is really

Hamlet and Relationships Essay

Relationships are a driving force in society and there is no show up where this is seen better than in Hamlet by William Shakespeare. Hamlet is the Prince of Denmark and he has recently lost his paternity. He is the next in line to the crown, but for some background he has not obtained it. Hamlet is a tragic figure from the start, but it is his attempt to relate to others that makes him even more tragic. Hamlet has a detestable race with King Claudius, his fathers successor.Claudius is Hamlets uncle and he has married Hamlets mother. Hamlets rapport with Claudius is openly hostile, yet he refuses to stand up to him. Even though Claudius is Hamlets major antagonist, he acts as if he cares about Hamlet in public plot of ground Hamlet does not hide his repulsion of the new king. He does not challenge him with his charges murder, information he obtained from his fathers nicety, and adultery, but instead he plots to allow Claudius tell on himself.Hamlet has the opposite relationship with his fathers ghost. While he shows nothing by disdain for Claudius, he shows his father respect and admiration. He heeds his father advice about revenging his death while not seeking revenge upon his mother, Queen Gertrude. There is an obvious love and affection in the relationship between Prince Hamlet and the ghost of King Hamlet because they obviously miss each other from the tenderness in which they speak to each other.The ghost also trust Prince Hamlet with the information and the instructions of what he wants done to King Claudius. It is also obvious that Prince Hamlet completely trust his father because he does not even question the validity of the facts surrounding his death. Hamlet displays his complex personality in the relationships that he has with the different characters in the play. He can be openly cruel and disrespectful to those who he finds contemptible and yet completely loyal and loving to those whom he cares about.

Lucky Jim Analysis

The conversation between Dixon and Bertrand is direct and to the point with the use of emotive and, at times, offensive language. For instance, Bertrand uses phrases like your so called mind and you dirty little bar- fly, you nasty little Jumped up turf. In between the speech Amiss is a great observer of human movement and highlights the stress between the two men with the language he uses and the use of short sentences, for example Axon moved a pace nearer and he clenched his fists and the bear on had hurt them rather.Malls describes Bertrand breath as Whistling through his nose which accurately depicts he image of someone beginning to get irate. Throughout the passage, out of the two men, Dixon is portrayed as more in control and powerful than Bertrand even though being the lesser build of the two men. Bertrand says to Dixon youre simply not up to my weight. If you exigency a fight pick someone your own size, then you might stand a chance. Dixon, by his response, is clearly no t threatened by this at all.It could be seen as an empty threat because Bertrand does not expect Dixon to retaliate, but rather simply Just to back down considering their positions. Undeterred by the strong-arm threats, Dixon moves a pace rarer and unleashes an articulate and fast moving annihilation of Bertrand fibre youre a twister and a snob and a bully and a fool. Bertrand Is shown to be clearly stunned by this as he makes no attempt to interrupt. Dioxins confidence is clearly rallied by the fact that he is armed with the information that Bertrand has been having an link with Carol Goldsmith.Bertrand physical strength over Dixon is again highlighted by when it says that he came and stood over Dixon. Amiss adds slight humor to the passage as Dixon attempts to further lede up Bertrand and SSH him over the edge by saying What are we going to do, dance? , still staying fairly calm himself. Bertrand however triggers the fight that he so desires by calling Dixon Sam. Even then, Dixo n Is shown to be more in control as he took off his glasses and put them In his top poll pocket.Malls again uses humor In his depletion of this rather ungainly scene as the two men faced each other on the floral rug. Malls comment of the rug as floral creates a contrast with the aggression of the scene and introduces the idea to the reader described as elbows crooked in uncertain attitudes, as if slightly to begin some ritual f which neither had learnt the cues. The way the passage is written emphasizes that both men are out of place as one would expect a vocal argument between an artist and a history teacher as opposed to a physical fight.The fusillade of the china figurine as it hits the hearth emphasizing the silence which fell highlights the awkwardness of the scene. In contrast to Dixon controlled manner Bertram is made to look clumsy and a character of badinage in the way he is shown to Jab at Dixon face, loses his balance and is hit hard by Dixon on the larger and more c onvoluted of his ears. The reader is to encouraged by the use of this description to feel any sympathy for Bertrand.His language is not eloquent in the same way that Dixon is, but relies more on taunts and enlighten boy retorts like youve got it coming and Ill show you. This threatening and childlike language is very different from Dixon more controlled responses like Im not the sort to do that when Bertrand threatens him if he tells Christine about his indiscretions with Carol. Amiss uses repeat at the end of the passage when Dixon thinks about Bertrand as a bloody old dowser-faced boot-faced totem poll and then repeats this insult out odd.The use of repetition is not only humorous but it emphasizes the point and leaves the reader in no doubt with regard to who the winner of this fight is, both on a physical and intellectual level. It is also quite a breakthrough for Dixon, almost more so than when he actually punches Bertrand, as it is the first point in the play when he actually says what he is thinking. The knocking on the door is even described as discreetly applauding this terminology. Dixon is again shown to be a character of strength and control by the way he says Come in with reflex promptness and appears to be unpleased by the fight.

Battery Rule

In every social gatherings and institution, ethics and moral regarding ones thoughts, actions and verbal expression should constantly observed to avoid any morally and physically damaging results from an strange engagement of certain individuals. For social institutions and gatherings involving authority aspect, every individual especially those with lord authority must cautiously observe the verbalise ethical principle.Take for example the case that occurred in the Betts Lincoln-Mercury Dealer Company involving the physical damage incurred by an employee resulting from the inappropriate horse playing of the president during an office party. The sequel of the event at the office party led to the legal pursuit of Caudle, the employee, suing the president of the company for his inappropriate action leading to serious nervous damages to the former.However, the president countered by saying that the action was part of the horseplay of the entire group during the party and that he had not intended to hurt anyone specifically the plaintiff. In the aspect of ruling for this case, one must actually and critically number the event scenario and the ethical aspect of it. It is not clearly indicated in the case whether Caudle is involve in the collective term of the group that participated in the horseplay during the office party thus this author will consider him to be excluded.Because of which, this author argues that the plaintiff did not participate from the horse playing thus it is very much inappropriate for the president who is involved to play the said trick on him. Another argument is that, it is a known fact that the electric auto condenser that is involved in the incident posts a hazard of shock for anyone who holds it.Because of which, playing with the said item on a very vital nervous spot mainly the back of the head right under the temporal of the brain and posterior of the spinal cord is very much inappropriate since it can lead to serious nervous dam ages. Because of the said arguments and reasons, this author potently rules with the side of plaintiff wherein president Betts thusly committed an action that led to serious nervous damages though without any grave intentions. His must indeed be responsible for his actions and thus must compensate the victims for the reported damages and complications.

Moods

No doubt man is a social being and can never live a mundane exercise always. Man undergoes dissimilar swings and moods in his e very day life. It is true that moods are intense feelings that are directed at someone or something. Un resembling a computer or any automatic tool, man gets worn out or gets weary easily. He cannot carry out any repeated bodily function incessantly without a break.Let us take a quick tour of an instance of an exacting student who was a characteristic bookworm. He was very careful and he did studies and not anything else the whole day. Ironically, his marks never used to demonstrate the efforts he used to take. The cause for this absurdity was that he always unploughed poring into books with no positive mood. No doubt he never used to take even a minute gap of rest. This forced his mind to get cracking inattention and stay put in reveries. This would obviously influence his academic and over all presentation in school activities.There is one to a greater extent cause to hold up this statement. On taking a break from a usual behavior, say, studies would break-dance a touch to the person. One would feel or else guilty for homicide the time into other behavior. This would prompt the person to study harder and go in an earlier rate with full attentiveness in his studies. Thus, still a half an hour break would save hours of time which would just be exhausted in reveries. (Thayer, 1997)Taking a diminutive period of break would give rest to the mind. The person would feel invigorated to go back to work in an improved mood. A person wearied out or in a bad swing would sense joyous and happy if he/she takes a break by doing amazing attractive or even by taking respite for a while. Furthermore one could take a break by connecting in any sport movement or fall various times by a hobby.Going for sports could be a high-quality time-pass. This will get better ones health and obviously enrich ones mind since a sound mind forever dwells in a so und body. It would also get better a persons aptitude in sports or additional co-curricular activities like illustration, music etc. A person could get improved himself in an over-all method, not only in work but also in lead in recreation.Therefore, I powerfully believe that it is true saying moods are intense feelings that are directed at someone or something.ReferencesThayer E. Robert, (1997), The Origin of frequent Moods Managing Energy, Tension, and Stress. Oxford University Press, New York.

Gun Control Essay

shot control is not one issue, but many. To some people electric ray control is a crime issue to others it is a rights issue. Gun control is a safety issue, an direction issue, a racial issue, and a political issue, among others. Within each of these issues on that point are those who want more than gun control code and those who want less, on both sides of this issue, opinions range from moderate to extreme. Like some papers relating to government and its ruling ability, the topic of gun control is based heavily on political affiliation. Since the 1950s the majority of the Republican Party have strongly opposed gun control efforts, and have been aiming to remove down legislation enacted at the local, enjoin, and national levels. The republican viewpoint of anti-gun control has strong congesting by the National Rifle Association (NRA) and many other gun control-lobbying organizations. The party insists on increased enforcement of integritys already in place and stronger p enalties for those who disobey, rather than creating entirely bleak gun control measures. On the other contact the popular view among the Democratic Party is for the enactment of new legislation for gun control. This party bases their personal line of credit on a loose interpretation of the constitution believing that the individual has the right to bear accouterments but under reasonable regulation.The Brady Campaign and the Coalition to Stop Gun Violence (CSGV) are organizations that back the Democratic Partys views of pro gun control. Guns are not for everyone. Certain individuals cannot handle a firearm safely, and some individuals choose to use firearms inappropriately. Our society has passed laws regulating the ownership and use of firearms, and more legislation is being considered. Most of this legislation restricts, to some degree, the rights of individuals to possess or use firearms. Some restrictions may be necessary, but some recent legislation may have gone too far. Society benefits from firearms in the hands of responsible citizens and attempts to cumber firearms away from these citizens whom do more harm than good. The Brady Bill is one perplexling of an attempted solution to the problem of gun control. The Brady Bill is named after James Brady, who was shot by keister Hinckley during an assassination attempt on President Reagan in 1981. Supporters of the Brady Bill used that incident to gain reenforcement for their gun control legislation, claiming it would reduce crime and save lives. In November 1993 president Bill Clinton signed the Brady pistol ViolenceProtection Act, otherwise known as the Brady Bill, into law. This bill necessitate a 5 business-day time lag period for licensed dealers so that law enforcement may conduct background checks on the potential side arm buyers. The idea behind this bill is to screen out felons and other dangerous people from acquiring handguns. This required waiting period overly subsequently stops e nraged people from buying guns in the catch fire of the moment, and gives the individual time to cool down and think about their actions.The Brady Bill was essenti exclusivelyy an improvement of the 1968 Gun Control Act, which laid out the types of people that should not be armed like felons, youth, and the dangerously mentally ill, but it did not implement a system of verifying that people were telling the truth when they purchased guns at gun dealers. During the 1990s capital of Virginia Virginias homicide rate was among the highest in the nation for cities with 100,000 plus people. Unsurp ascendingly 85% of the homicides in 1997 were committed with guns, with 40% being drug related, and 60% of the crimes were committed by prior offenders. To counteract this rising homicide rate republican governor James Gilmore teamed up with the NRA in order to create a platform that increased the penalty entailed with the illegal use of firearms. The federal program, objectify Exile, formall y initiated in February 1997, shifted the prosecution of all gun crimes immediately to the federal level, rather than the state. Illegal gun possession offenders are subject to a mandatory minimum sentence of five years in federal prison without the possibility of parole.Project Exile also mandates a 15-year prison sentence without the possibility of parole for felons caught in possession of a firearm during the transaction of the crime. Offenders are exiled to federal prison and with such a bold prison sentencing this law became well known on the streets. The program was an instant success. In the first 10 months of 1998 homicides in Richmond Virginia were down 36% and the number of firearm related homicides were down 41%. 196 people were sentenced to an average of 55 months in federal jail and 440 guns were seized. Since this program began, it has now been set to place in cities such as Baltimore, Chicago, Miami, and Philadelphia. Because of the Republican Partys involvement they use Project Exile as a model suggesting that the party doesnt ignore gun control issues. In the District of Columbia there was a law that made it illegal to carry unregistered firearms and prohibited the registration of new handguns. Thislaw also required any previously owned firearms to be kept at a disabled state which means the guns had to be unloaded and dissembled or bound by a trigger lock.The only exception was that the individual could be granted one-year licenses by the police chief. Special D.C. policeman Heller utilise to keep a handgun in his home and was denied the right. So he took his case to the court basing his contrast on the second amendment. In 2008, in the Supreme Court case 554 of The District of Columbia Vs. Heller, there was a 5-4 decision stating that the second amendment protects the right of the individual to posses a firearm unconnected with service in a militia and to use that arm for traditionally lawful purposes, such as self-defense within the home . The court found that the total ban on handguns, and the requirement to keep them disabled, violated their right. The second amendment states A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed. With militia meaning all males physically capable in performing for common defense, the founding fathers included this in our Bill of Rights because they feared the Federal Government might oppress the creation if the people did not have the means to defend themselves as a nation and as individuals. by from approving legislation that allows firearms in national parks and Amtrak trains, President Barrack Obama has virtually stayed silent when it comes to the topic of gun control. This may be result of the anti-gun control policies of previous president George W. Bush or because of the omit of votes from pro gun areas like the rural South and the Midwest. In his presidential campaign leading up to 2008 the president stated that he was in favor of gun control policies, including reinstating the assault weapons ban and creating new legislation against concealed weapons.

Institutes for cat preparation

Institute FOR throw off PREPARATIONThe great author, Alexandre Dumas, angiotensin converting enzyme time said nil succeeds like success . It is, but a victor, who takes on the whole the awards, and non the losers. To win is an unconditioned leaning of adult male in any competition. In today s universe, instruction is the chief race. Every individual demands the best. Hence, the ferocious competition. If the competition be, to merely come in a good school, one can conceive of how strict the rat race will be.After school, ( 10+2 or intermediate ) , one attempts to acquire into the best college and make the best alumnus grad class. But, the occupation market, being what it is today, a Post-graduation becomes necessary. In India these yearss there is no famine of classs and colleges. But how many ar reputed, supply good instruction, put up all installations etc. ?A really of import calling these yearss is byplay direction. To acquire into a good B-School itself is a dashing und ertaking. With merely a few thousand place in all B-Schools combined, it is a large challenge for the lacs of campaigners. So, we have entrance tests.The CAT ( Common addition Test ) , conducted by the IIMs ( Indian Institute of Management ) , is one of the toughest entryway trials. Conducted by the IIMs, this alone trial, checks one for one s IQ, general English and general math and other soft accomplishments. This trial has a specialized marker system, besides carries negative points. There are about 75 B-Schools besides the sestet IIMs which accept CAT tonss. Since CAT needs particular readying, there are training lands for CAT itself.How to bring an Institute CAT coaching is done fundamentally at three degrees classroom, correspondence & A online. The latter(prenominal) two may be followed up with a personal contact plan clash class. quest guidelines will be utile* Make certain the demonstrate is of reputation. It has all the basic installations to take up CAT coach ing. Some adds offer free demo categories. That may be good, but do nt devote on them as a free demo is any manner traveling to be good.* Do non travel by their word on how many pupils they have placed, low fees or strength of ex-IIM module.* The institute may run training for non-IIMs as good, but what is your demand? Most institutes offer, at a pure excess cost, developing for both. In such a instance a GK subdivision is included which may assist in GD/PI subsequently. Act consequently* Mark your pick between correspondence, schoolroom & A on-line classs. Online classs are suggested the least as synergistic and at-length classs are better.* If your capital does non hold a schoolroom coaching, travel for a correspondence class and take mock cats along with synergistic clang class. ( it may non be a bad pick to travel to a nearby large metropolis for that. )* Last but non the least, does the institute provide GD/PI ( Group Discussion/ Personal wonder ) session subsequently on. they are every bit of import as the written trial.* If you require a survey loan, travel straight to a bank, non through the institute.Such is the demand for CAT readying that Pre-CAT institutes have sprung up like Mushrooms all over. Some of the outstanding 1s areO IMS Learning Resources Pvt. Ltd possibly the oldest in game, it is headquartered in Mumbai. It has a presence in over 50 metropoliss. Outstanding 1s are Ahmedabad, Aurangabad, Bangalore, Bhubneshwar, Baroda, Chandigarh, Chennai, Delhi, Guwahati, Jammu, Jaipur, Kolkata, kanpur, Lucknow, Mumbai, Madurai, Nagpur etc. the institute gives its USP as the most no. of arrangements.o Career Launcher A Delhi based institute, it is one of the young institutes. Has many subdivisions in Delhi. Has subdivisions in Mumbai, Pune, NOIDA, Lucknow, Kanpur, Ghaziabad, Faridabad, Gurgaon, Kolkata, Burdwan, Durgapur, Bangalore, Hubli, Ahmedabad etc. every bit good.o Ascent Education It is a Chennai based institute.it besides provides classs in correspondence & A on-line classs in multiple locations.o T.I.M.E. ( jubilant institute of direction instruction ) Headquartered in Hyderabad, it imparts schoolroom coaching in most major towns of India. Harmonizing to the T.I.M.E. , it imparts low-priced class. It has been a recent success. Has been founded by IIM & A XLRI alumna.o Career Forum This institute provides training in Pune and 6 other metropoliss. It besides provides correspondence classs.O Brilliant Tutorials A veteran of IIT JEE, this Chennai based institute besides provides reputed classs in CAT every bit good. Possibly the most advertised one, it claims a high success rate.o Other outstanding institutes are PT ( professional tutorials ) , The Princeton Review, Magnum, Bulls oculus, Prudence academy, Indo-Scottish Study Circle, Mastervision nucleus ( Bangalore ) etc.One can besides acquire information from the Net ( Google, Yahoo ) , by grapevine from their equals, Educational addendums of major national dailies.Now-a-days it is possible that MBA entryway preparation institutes outnumber the B-Schools themselves Remember what person said, If you fracture to fix, fix to neglect .There is no ground to believe that if you go to a little CAT-prep school, raging in a little town or you are Differently-abled u ca nt check CAT. Hard-work, rule & A pattern are the key to Belling the CAT

Sample – Report Writing

Sample writing A Formal Report Sample Reports A FORMAL REPORT THE EFFECTS OF STRESS ON BUSINESS EMPLOYEES AND PROGRAMS OFFERED BY EMPLOYERS TO MANAGE EMPLOYEE STRESS Prepargond for Dr. Robert J. Olney sou-west Texas posit University Prep bed by Charles Dishinger Nancy Howard circular Kiagler Sherry Seabrooke Donna Tucker November 29, 20 S-29 right of first publication Houghton Mifflin Company. each rights reserved. Sample Reports ii TABLE OF CONTENTS scalawag disputation OF TABLES . iii LIST OF FIGURES vABSTRACT SECTION I INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY.. Introduction Statement of the Problem.. moment of the Study.. S grip of the Study Review of Related literary productions Methods of the Study Source of Data . l S-30 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. all in all rights reserved. iv 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 7 8 9 10 11 Sample Reports iii LIST OF TABLES Table 1.Programs Offered by Employers to answer Stress .. S-31 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights rese rved. P come on 8 Sample Reports iv LIST OF FIGURES Figure P duration 1. grow Distribution of Respondents .. . 2. Negative Effects of Stress on Work feat .. S-32 6 7 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Sample Reports v Abstract This study was conducted to determine the effect of centering on employees and the methods employers use up to manage employees direction.It was limited to the perceptions of primaeval Texas business employees, who were selected exploitation a nonprobability, contraption sampling method. A questionnaire consisting of three parts was used to collect primary selective information. The collected data were analyzed and interpreted using simple statistical techniques. The findings of the data portendd that the sweeps create to be about negatively impact by melody were line of work satisfaction/ morale, courtesy, creativity, and productivity. In addition, personal appearance and absenteeism were tended as the res publicas least affected by melodic line. fit in to the results of the tudy, employers today be gainering a childlike variety of needed programs to manage the tense of their employees. ane of the main conclusions drawn from the study was that evince does negatively affect the work performance of employees. Therefore, stress is not just an individual issue but an issue that must be addressed by both(prenominal) the employer and the employee the work performance argonas negatively affected begin a direct effect on the fraternity as a whole. S-33 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Sample Reports The Effects of Stress on Business Employees nd Programs Offered by Employers to Manage Employee Stress Section I Introduction to the Study Introduction Today, many organizations and employees argon experiencing the do of stress on work performance. The effects of stress plenty be either supreme or negative. What is perceived as positive stress by one person may be pe rceived as negative stress by an early(a)(a), since everyone perceives situations differently. harmonize to Barden (2001), negative stress is becoming a major illness in the work environment, and it back debilitate employees and be costly to employers.Managers need to disclose those suffering from negative stress and go through programs as a defense a crapst stress. These programs may reduce the impress stress has on employees work performance. Statement of the Problem The purpose of this study was to determine the negative effects of stress on employees and the methods employers use to manage employees stress. Significance of the Study There argon three primary groups that may benefit from this study. The first group, consisting of employees in todays business organizations, may pick out to identify ways that stress negatively affects their work performance.Identifying the negative effects may enable them to take necessary action to cope with stress. By sharing this knowledge , employees can act as a vehicle to help management implement appropriate stress reduction programs. The second group that may benefit from this study is employers who may gain insight as to how stress is actually negatively affecting S-34 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Sample Reports 2 employees work performance. Finally, educators can use these findings as a valuable guide to integrate into their curriculum.By emphasizing to students the wideness of developing programs to deal with stress, the students may be able to transfer this knowledge to the workplace, thereby improving the type of the work environment. Scope of the Study This study was limited to the perceptions of regular business employees as to the negative effects that stress has on work performance and the steps that employers are taking to manage stress. For the purpose of this study, what constitutes full-time employment is defined by the employer. This study was restricted to businesse s operating in the Central Texas electron orbit.The Central Texas airfield encompasses all communities within Hays, Kendall, Travis, and Williamson counties. For the purpose of this study, stress is defined as disruptive or disquieting influences that negatively affect an individual in the workplace. Data for this study were collected during the fall of 2002. Review of Related Literature Barden (2001), a freelance writer specializing in health care and a former managing editor of mercantile system and Health, verbalise the importance of riseness programs and gave specific examples of corporations that are successfully implementing such rograms. The Morrison Company currently saves $8. 33 for every dollar spent on wellness by offering programs such as cant all over loss, exercise, and back care. Axon Petroleum estimates that wellness programs will save $1. 6 million each course of study in health care costs for its 650 employees. In addition to Morrison and Axon Petroleum, B arden cited the savings for six other companies. According to the Wellness Bureau of America, the success of these companies offers concrete proof that wellness programs pay off by lowering health care costs, reducing absenteeism, and increasing productivity.Foster (2002), a professional speaker on stress-management, surveyed midlevel managers and found stress to be a major determinant in worker productivity. According to the study, the primary areas affected by stress are employee morale, absenteeism, and decisiveness making abilities. By recognizing that a problem exists and by addressing the issue, managers can reduce stressful activities and increase worker performance in the business organization. Harrold and Wayland (2002) reported that increasing stress affects morale, productivity, organizational efficiency, absenteeism, and profitability for both individuals and the organization.The problem for businesses today is knowing how S-35 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All ri ghts reserved. Sample Reports 3 to determine stressful areas in their organizations and how to use constructive confrontation methods to reduce stress and improve efficiency. According to the authors, organizations that make a positive effort to deal with stress not only help build trust among their employees, but also increase the productivity of their employees and the organization as a whole. Maurer (2002) stated that stress-induced illnesses are prevalent in the workplace today, and stress is the problem of the sufferer and the employer.Stress causes absenteeism and can lead to other problems such as drug addiction, alcoholism, depression, and poor job performance. According to Maurer, the annual Barlow Corporation Forum on homosexual Resource Issues and Trends reported that large numbers of companies noticed severe levels of stress exhibited by employees. The forums panelists agreed that much needed to be done in the workplace to help employees manage stress. Some of the sugg estions were to expand wellness programs, offer stress-management seminars, and teach staff how to balance work and family life.Maurer also noted that Olympic TeamTech, a information processing system management company, has dealt with employee stress by providing training programs, monitoring employee concerns, and meeting once a month to be proactive instead of reactive. Olympic TeamTechs turnover is less than the industry average. Schorr (2001), a stress-management consultant, stated that stress causes problems in the workplace which negatively affect employee health and organizational productivity. Stress can lead to problems such as job dissatisfaction, alcoholism, absenteeism, physical ailments, and poor job performance.If managers know how to prevent and cope with stress, productivity can be increased. Many companies instituted stress-management programs that led to a decline in absenteeism, a decrease in sickness and calamity costs, and/or an increase in job performance. S chorr reported that a stress inventory, available from a stress-management program, can assist executives and managers in assessing employee stress. The inventory can identify the sources of stress, which may include physical elements as well as other factors.Once these sources have been assessed, the program can provide the necessary skills for coping with the problems, and participants can learn that there are alternative ways of reacting to stress. Methods of the Study Source of Data Data for this study were collected using a questionnaire developed by a group of students at Southwest Texas State University. The questionnaire was dual-lane into S-36 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Sample Reports 4 three parts. Part one consisted of a list of 15 work performance areas that may be negatively affected by a persons level of stress.Respondents were asked to picture whether stress increased, decreased, or had not changed their work performance in each area. T hey were also asked to manoeuver from the list of 15 work performance areas the area that was the most negatively affected by stress and the area that was the least negatively affected by stress. In the second part of the questionnaire, a list of 17 programs was provided and the respondents were asked to indicate which programs their companies had implemented to manage stress. Part three was knowing to collect demographic data for a respondent indite, including full-time employee classification and age group.A copy of the questionnaire is contained in Appendix A on foliate 12. Sample Selection The respondents involved in this survey were employees working in companies located in Central Texas. A nonprobability, convenience sampling technique was used to collect primary data. Each member of the look for team was responsible for distributing three questionnaires to members of the sample. To ensure confidentiality, respondents were given self-addressed, stamped envelopes in which to return their completed questionnaires to Southwest Texas State University. Controls were used to eliminate duplication of the esponses. Statistical Methods Simple statistical techniques were used to tabulate the results of this study. The primary data were analyzed using a percent of rejoinder. To compute the percent of solvent, the number of responses to each choice was shared out by the total number of respondents who answered the question. In question one, the percents of responses for the negative effects of stress on the 15 work performance areas were reported. The results of the next twain questions were tabulated by totaling the number of respondents who chose an area they believed was least or most affected by stress.The fourth question reported the percent of respondents whose employers offered the listed programs to manage stress. Questions five and six asked the respondents to indicate if they were considered full-time employees and to indicate their age group. Lim itations of the Study This study may be limited through the use of a questionnaire as a data collection instrument. Because questionnaires must generally be brief, areas that may have been affected by stress may not have been include in the questionnaire. S-37 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Sample Reports Also, all programs that may be available to employees for managing stress may not have been included in the study. The study may also be limited by the use of a nonprobability, convenience sampling method. The sample of business employees for the study was chosen for convenience and may not be substitute of the total population of business employees. apprehension should be taken when generalizing these findings to the entire population. Finally, the use of simple statistical techniques may introduce an element of subjectivity into the interpretation and analysis of the data.All attempts have been made to minimize the effects of these limitations on the study. S-38 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Sample Reports 6 Section II Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations Introduction This study was designed to determine the effects of stress on employees and to discover methods employers use to manage employees stress. Sixty questionnaires were distributed to business employees in the Central Texas area, and the response rate was 78. 3%. This section includes the Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations. FindingsThe findings will be presented in three sections correspond to the following characteristics Demographic visibility, Areas of Job Performance Affected by Stress, and Programs Employers Offer Employees to Manage Stress. Demographic Profile All returned responses from the sample were considered full-time employees by their employers. The respondents were also asked to indicate their age group all age ranges were represented in the results, as shown in Figure 1. The breakdown consisted of 2. 1% under th e age of 20, 33. 7% between 20 and 29, 29. 4% between the ages of 30 and 39, 26. % between 40 and 49, 5. 4% between 50 and 59, and 3. 3% were 60 and over. AGE GROUP 5 1 Less than 20 1 6 2. 1% S-39 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 26. 1% 5 50 to 59 Figure 1 Age Distribution of Respondents 29. 4% 4 40 to 49 3 33. 7% 3 30 to 39 2 4 2 20 to 29 5. 4% 6 60 or over 3. 3% Sample Reports 7 Areas of Job Performance Affected by Stress The respondents were given a list of work performance areas that might be affected by stress and were asked to identify whether stress increased, decreased, or had no change on their work performance.Only respondents who indicated stress negatively affected an area were considered in these findings. Of the 15 areas listed, four areas were identified as having a response rate of more than 50. 0%. These areas were as follows job satisfaction/morale (73. 9%), courtesy (65. 2%), accuracy (52. 7%), and creativity (51. 6%). Similarly, Sch orr (2001) stated that a significant number of employees creativity is negatively affected by stress. Also, Harrold and Wayland (2002) agreed that morale is strongly affected by stress. Falling within the range of a 30. 0 to 50. 0% response rate were cooperation (49. %), organizational skills (46. 3%), initiative (45. 2%), productivity (42. 8%), alertness (39. 4%), decision making abilities (39. 1%), and perseverance (35. 5%). Harrold and Wayland (2002) established that increasing stress and anxiety are having a negative influence on an individuals organizational efficiency and productivity. The findings that negatively affect work performance are shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 Negative Effects of Stress on Work Performance 15 13 11 9 7 5 3 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 S-40 10 42. 8% 73. 9% 39. 1% 52. 7% 51. 6% 28. 0% 46. 3% 65. 2% 20 30 40 ProductivityJob merriment/Morale Decision Making Abilities Accuracy creativeness Attention to Appearance Organizational Skills Courtesy Copyright Houghto n Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 50 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 60 49. 5% 45. 2% 26. 6% 39. 4% 35. 5% 25. 8% 28. 3% 70 Cooperation Initiative reliability Alertness Perseverance Tardiness Absenteeism 80 Sample Reports 8 Central Texas employees indicated the area they believed was most affected by stress and the area they believed was least affected by stress. According to the results, job satisfaction and productivity were ruling to be most affected by stress.On the other end of the scale, areas least affected by stress were personal appearance and absenteeism. However, Schorrs (2001) study found that, on the average, individuals experiencing stress are more inclined to be absent or tardy. Programs Employers Offer Employees to Manage Stress Question four listed 17 programs offered by employers for managing stress. Respondents were asked to indicate which programs their companies had implemented to manage stress. The responses for each program are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Programs O ffered by Employers to Manage Stress.TYPE OF PROGRAM Insurance RESPONSES 72% Breaks Educational assistant/Reimbursement 51. 0% Access for Disabled 42. 6% Alternate Schedule 34. 0% Employee Assistance Programs 34. 0% Wellness Programs 34. 0% Flextime 29. 8% Stress focus Seminars 29. 8% Training Programs 29. 8% Piped Music 17. 2% Assigned Parking 17. 0% Employee Empowerment Programs 17. 0% Ergonomically Correct Furniture 17. 0% Financial Counseling 8. 5% On-Site/Assistance with youngster Care S-41 69. 2% 4. 3% Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Sample Reports 9Insurance received the highest number of responses (72. 0%), whereas, therapy received the low (2. 1%). Playing classical music and creating a comfortable work environment were found by Foster (2002) to be low cost stress reduction programs. Although these are inexpensive programs to implement, a relatively small response rate was given for piped music (17. 2%) and ergonomically correct furniture (17. 0%). Maurer (2002) stated that it is necessary for companies to design programs that enable employees to assess stressful situations and develop a rational mode of behavior.In channel to Maurers research, only 17. 0% of the respondents indicated that Employee Empowerment Programs are being offered by their employer. A response rate of 34. 0% in the category of wellness programs/on-site fitness facilities was obtained. Barden (2001) reported programs that improve an individuals physical condition are both a positive and an stiff method of managing stress. The remaining methods for managing stress were varied. Listed in decreasing percentages, they are as follows breaks (69. 2%), educational assistance/ reimbursement (51. %), access for disabled (42. 6%), alternative schedules (34. 0%), Employee Assistance Programs (34. 0%), Wellness Programs (34. 0%) flextime (29. 8%), stress management seminars/classes (29. 8%), training programs (29. 8%), assign parking (17. 0%), financial coun seling (8. 5%), and on-site/assistance with child care (4. 3%). Conclusions On the basis of the findings, several conclusions concerning the effects of stress on Central Texas business employees can be drawn. The findings of this study indicated stress does negatively affect the work performance of employees.Job satisfaction and productivity were indicated as two areas most affected by work-related stress. Therefore, stress cannot be considered just an individual issue because reduced job satisfaction and lower productivity has a direct effect on the company as a whole. From this study, it can be concluded that employers have realized the importance of managing stress in the workplace because of the wide variety of programs now offered to manage stress. Of all the programs offered by employers, amends is the most frequently offered manner for managing stress.Because insurance acts as a security net for employees and is offered the most, it can be inferred that employers contend th at insurance is the most effectual means for managing stress. S-42 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Sample Reports 10 Recommendations Based on the findings and conclusions in this study, the following recommendations are made 1. 2. Employers should conduct a survey of the programs they already offer to discover which programs are the most effective for managing their employees stress. 3.Employees should share their ideas for managing stress with their employers in order to help their employers implement appropriate stress reduction programs. 4. Educators should incorporate into their business curriculum discussions of stress in the workplace and ways to manage stress. 5. S-43 Employers should offer various stress reduction programs to help employees manage stress because stress is prevalent in the workplace. Additional research should be done. First, other areas negatively affected by stress should be studied to determine if stress affects other aspects of an employees life.In addition, other factors should be examined to learn what the personal and work-related causes and symptoms of stress are for an individual. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Sample Reports 11 Bibliography Barden, Nancy Ray. Wellness Programs Everyone Wins. Commerce and Health, November 2001, 2842. Foster, Lucy Barnes. Workplace Stress Changing the Pattern. Sales and Marketing Journal (2002), 3233. Harrold, Robert and Wayland, Michael. New Methods to Reduce Workplace Stress. Industrial Concepts, June 2002, 1921. Maurer, Marcia K. Is Stress Running Your Life? Modern moorage Innovation, February 2002, 2728. Schorr, Leslie. Coping with Stress, Boosting Productivity. Employment News, Spring 2001, 2326. S-44 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Sample Reports Appendix A Questionnaire The Effects of Stress on Business Employees Students in the Graduate School of Business at Southwest Texas State University are conducti ng this survey to determine perceptions of the effects of stress on employees. The survey also is designed to determine efforts employers are making to help employees manage stress.Please return this questionnaire in the enclosed postage-paid envelope by Friday, November 8. 1. How does stress most often affect you at work? Please mark one response per line. AREA AFFECTED Productivity Job Satisfaction/Morale Absenteeism Decision Making Abilities Accuracy Creativity Attention to Personal Appearance Organizational Skills Courtesy Cooperation Initiative Reliability Alertness Perseverance T di S-45 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. INCREA SE DECREA SE NO CHANGE Sample Reports 13 2.Which one area from question 1 do you believe is most affected by stress? 3. Which one area from question 1 do you believe is least affected by stress? 4. Which of the following means for managing stress does your employer offer? Please mark all that apply. __ Employee Assistance Program On-Site/Assistance with Child Care Assigned Parking Employee Empowerment Programs Educational Assistance/Reimbursement Breaks Wellness Program/On-Site fittingness Facility Financial Counseling Access for Disabled Stress Management Seminars/Classes Training Programs TherapyAlternative Schedules (part-time, time off for family, etc. ) Flextime Piped Music Ergonomically Correct Furniture Insurance (security net for employee/family) Other (please specify) Note Questions 5 and 6 are included in this questionnaire as a means of developing a demographic profile of our respondents. 5. Are you classified as a full-time employee by your employer? Yes 6. No Please check your age group. Less than 20 20 to 29 30 to 39 40 to 49 50 to 59 60 or over Thank you for taking time to help us. We value your input. S-46 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Enterprise resource planning

Today, success is determined by what you now about your run intos and when you know it Your crews in the field may have all the high-tech tools and state-of-the-art equipment they need but when information determines success, your counseling team needs to be similarly equipped. Unfortunately, many device companies struggle with ion integrated, multiple- vendor legacy systems that provide un by the way, imprecise information and make it difficult to adapt to changing business requirements. In the age of information technology companies can take advantages of IT in terms of Hardware and Software. Companies use various standalone systems o maintain the business process and operation by scatter and loosely coupled screening.These scattered and legacy applications are not integrated with each separate and on that point is no easy way to integrate them in a better way to easily maintain and keep a high level output. To maintain this application required high amount of man top executive and cost. To integrate branches, department, process and business vertical in a wide area network required an integrated application. ERP Enterprise Resource Planning is opening wide information system which consolidates information from various functions/departments of an organization. Multi state company resembling HOC it is required to go through an application which can integrate their all business process to improve their operation, procurement, resource management, cost take, timely report, accounting.Previously HOC uses various small applications to manage their business and operation like payroll system, accounting system, procurement system, co-occurrence system, attendance system, MIS system. This application is not integrated and all different branches, worksheet offices use their own application and to get output and error free reports in a central location is required very galactic time. HOC decided to implement ERP system to overcome above problem and reduce operation time to control their business in better way and get competitive age over their competitor. HOC studies different ERP vendor and decided to Implement SAP ERR system for their reflexion business.HOC compare various ERP vendor tho select SAP for their excellent overcompensate record for most successful ERP implementation and their times tested solution for Engineering, Construction & Operations. HOC decided to implement SAP for Engineering, Construction & Operations (SAP for SEC&O) solution portfolio to cooperate ensure their business success in J&K site. Founded in 1926, HOC is Indians premier company, specializing in large- home base civil Engineering ciphers and developing reflection technologies. The company is reputed for its technical prowess, evident in the several marchioness bewilders it has executed over the past eight decades. It was the first construction company in the country to invite ISO 9001, ISO 14001 , and SHOOS 1 8001 certifications for i ts timbre, environmental and occupational health and safety management systems.With a strong order hand of home(a) 188 ban at FYI end (and INNER 44 ban of Al projects) it is likely to graph a strong growth trajectory going ahead. The company undertakes projects in the spot (hydro and thermonuclear), water affix & irrigation, and transportation (roads, bridges, metro rails etc. ) segments. In addition, the company has recently entered the metals property. Hindustan Construction Co. Ltd. (HOC) is an 80-year-old organization with a mark record in executing complex nucleotide projects across various fields. HOC has undertaken challenging projects across India in widely divergent areas such as advocator, roads and bridges, dams, twists, and environmental projects HOC Group of companies HOC Real land (HERE) Real dry land development arm HOC LtdEngineering and construction arm HOC Infrastructure Asset ownership marcher HOC is a leading civil engineering and construction comp any, engaged primarily in the Construction of Hyde and power projects, irrigation, water supply, urban infrastructure and Transportation projects. It is developing Lavas, an ambitious project aimed at creating a cumulation city near Iambi and Puny. Apart from this, it is also involved in some separate(a) real estate development projects. HOC is also making inroads in the asset ownership space with entry into the roads space and has plans to build its BOOT portfolio significantly going ahead. Most of its customers are central government bodies/public sector units like NOAH, NP, UNPIN and State governments like Andorra Pradesh, Gujarat, K and Maharajahs. It has also worked on Hyde power projects in other counties like Bhutan.A snapshot of the work do by the company in various segments is given on a lower floor Hyde power HOC has built over 25% of Indians installed Hyde power capacity. It has been involved in two out of Indians quint largest underground power houses and five out o f Indians top 10 highest concrete dams. It is currently executing Indians largest large Hyde power project, the Shanghaiing yodel power plant. Hacks major achievements in this segment are Building Indians first major underground power house at Maintain (Briar) in 1954 the first of its kind in southerly East Asia. Tunneling work of over 90 km in the Himalayas maximum tunneling work ever done by any construction company in the world.Construction of head race tunnel and raft radio beam at the Nathan Karri Hyde plant, the largest underground Hyde power project in India. This plant has the largest and longest head race tunnel, the largest desisting chambers, the deepest and largest surge shaft, and the largest underground power complex. Nuclear power HOC is the leader in nuclear power plant construction in India and has been associated with over 50% of the countrys operational nuclear power capacity. The company has recently worked on Saiss largest nuclear power plant in Katmandu (e x. 000 MM) which is also Indians first light water reactor (LOWER). Shanghaiing Hyde project in mountain and Kashmir.Hindustan Construction Company Ltd (HOC), Indians leading construction and infrastructure company in joystick venture with Halcyon Group Ltd. U. K. (Halcyon) has been awarded the prestigious and challenging 330 MM Shanghaiing hydro-electric project by the National hydroelectric Power Corporation Ltd. (NP). The contract is on turnkey basis and valued at approximately INNER 2726. 49 core. The HOC-Halcyon Consortium will have a share in the ratio of 982 respectively. The Shanghaiing Hydroelectric Project is located on river Shanghaiing, a tributary of river Shells, in Brutally district of Jam and Kashmir. The project involves the construction of a mom high concrete faced rock fill dam, 23. Km of head race tunnel and an underground powerhouse. A maximum gross head of 665 m is proposed to be use to generate 1350 Million Units of energy, in a 90% dependable year with an installed capacity of ex. 10 MM. This is an EPIC contract where HOC will be responsible for Engineering, Procurement and Construction of all items including civil and associated infrastructure works supply, installation, testing and commissioning of all electromechanical plant and machinery and hydro-mechanical components including generating units. The project will be perfect and commissioned in an estimated 84 months. HOC has contributed significantly in the infrastructure development of Jam and Kashmir.It has built the states largest hydro-electric power project the Salad Dam and is currently also developing five other infrastructure projects. This includes three Hyde power projects biz. Caught HEAP (in Cargill), Amino Baggy HEAP (in Lee) and URI HEAP in addition to the historic 84 km McHugh Road and the Principal Tunnels of the Dumper-Agrarians-Brutally rail link. HOC has also constructed Bhutan largest hydroelectric power project at Tall. Problems facing construction industry is not new but probably thousands of years old probably ever since they started building the pyramids. What are so different now are the tools and techniques that can be utilized to get the ruff usage of its resources and materials and equipments.Construction is a employ array of interdependent activities that some would say is at best form chaos. The very nature of construction introduces challenges typically not encountered in other industries. For example, construction differs widely from other industries more so as Each project is unique Often involves remote sites with various nark problems the process is not as predictable Difficulty in applying automation There is high say-so for encountering unforeseen conditions Costs can Vary according to conditions Difficult to manage and supply utilities and other resources. proficient innovations are adopted slower. Success is dependent upon the quality of its people. Very custom-oriented Product can be of impressive si ze, cost, and complexity the work is not performed in controlled conditions, therefore highly impacted by weather and other environmental conditions All this poses a unique set of challenges as illustrated below. As seen in the figure it is a Herculean task to co-ordinate and integrates all these challenges into one solution. Lets look into some of the major problems in construction companies who do not have or have partial IT infrastructure. 1. No electronic tracking of tasks. The project manager needs to produce manual daily production report. 2. Budget and controls done using legacy spreadsheets and this is most time consuming task and the employee is overloaded. 3. Each project has its own independent method of encoding. 4. off-site locations are not as organized as desired. 5.Material and Equipment usage are hard to track there is very little writing on site. 6. The project managers do status reports but lack overcritical information such as a. Inventory information b. Budge tary information 7. Due to disorientation there is little time for follow up. 8. There is no process for Payment follow ups. Reminders of important issues like raising invoices. status report. Petty cash request and reporting Beneficial weekly Evaluating the performance of the project manager. 9. Ineffective system to incorporate fixed assets into the company books. 10. No clear process to accurately track inventory at multiple sites. 11 . Invoices are not raised frequently enough indeed contributing to a cash flow problem.All these issues make the construction projects highly complex and cumbersome to track and control. If we have to successfully manage these complex projects its all the more important the work progress and the sources utilized are measurable. The success of a project will be judged by take ining the criteria of cost, time, safety, resource allocation, and quality as defined during the planning and budgeting of the project. The purpose of the ERP will be to meas ure the progress continually at every step of the project so as to achieve goals and objectives through the planned usage of resources that meet the projects quality, cost, time, scope, and safety requirements.

Event Planning

Vietnam National University The University of Social Sciences and Humanities The Faculty of Oriental Studies BUSINESS ENGLISH plan EVENT SUCCESSFULLY Teacher Tr? n Cao B? i Ng? c, M. A Student Nguy? n Th? Thien Thanh Student code 0665339 Class Australian Studies 06 Ho Chi Minh City November 27th, 2009 CONTENT I. Pre- plan5 1. Forming a team and assigning t entreats5 2. brain waveing6 3. Defining your moment7 4. 4. Setting program goals and objectives8II. Planning stage8 1. Summary8 2. Planning9 1. Draft bud ram down9 2. Event activity harken/Create a plan of action12 3. After the pillow slip24 3. Create subject timeline24 III. Evaluation of fount27 INTRODUCTION Chances ar, at or so point in your life you father organized or help unitaryselfed organize an g everywherenment issue. Remember your birthday crock upies emergence up? at that place must deliver been some homework twisty, such as guest angle of inclinations and food. Accordingly, most(prenominal) planne d publications, especi whollyy in the business world, require prior arrangements and preparations. Planning conferences and meetings has ecome a skilled barter these days. Conference and meeting planners, also nonicen as takings planners organize, coordinate and race conventions and meetings and come upon reli fitting they function smoothly without any glitches. These instances range from first-birthday parties to political fundraisers, anniversaries, fashion shows, product launches, conferences, graduations, and reunions, to name scarce a few According to a recent report, it begins well-nigh 150 hours for a planner, working with her staff, to produce a major offspring from start to finish. You do the math.Millions of events multiplied by hundreds of hours spent planning equals many, many opportunities for those debut this field. Events help our presidencys educate the public about environmental issues, eliminate the public a chance to render gather upd in campaigns , raise m aney, and publicize our organizations and their campaigns and activities. Events do non comely magic wholey come together. For whole conference, concert, dinner, or lecture, a dedicate stem of mess worked together to plan and execute the event. Planning an event means more than just deciding to have one and trying to pull it together by the seat of your pants.Planning involves taking necessary steps to compass a goal. When events atomic human action 18 planned, hang-ups, which often b sound down an event, can be dealt with some(prenominal) more easily or sometimes ar avoided every(prenominal) together. For example, events argon often ruined when weather turns foul or a speaker unit drops out. However, if the event was planned, an alternative locating can be booked, and cover songup activities planned in the absence of a speaker. These imitateing steps to flourishing event planning give provide you the event planner with altogether the various signifi cant tasks involved in event planning.The keys to triple-crown event planning go away make headway your event a successful one, no matter how big or small the event, the purpose of the event or whether it is personal, business, entertainment or early(a)wise. I. Pre-planning Pre-event planning, as limnd in this section, impart be among the most important steps you vanish behind capture on your path to a successful event. You may have heard the phrase, If you dont know where you are going, any path volition take you on that point. Its true. Without knowing where you are going and why, you business leader as swell set out on your journey and be content wherever you relegate to arrive.You would not start a family vacation with this attitude, would you? Thus, key factor to a successful event is that it is well planned with plenty of time to make true things are make as indispensable and inwardly time frames set down. Depending upon the type of event, realise to plan the event at to the lowest degree 6-9 months before the civiliseed date happens to allow for success. This also allows for any potential problems to be resolved in plenty of time. conformationerly you cycle through your first year, pre-event planning for the following year begins the day after your event.In other words, what is best and most successful is to never go out of business to have one events conclusion lead directly into the succeeding(prenominal) events preplanning. This is the best way for organizations to go to improve, reduce burnout of staff, and break the cycle of reinventing the wheel. In fact, the more you follow planning as a continuum from one event to the next, the easier it gets to achieve success. 1. Forming a team and assigning Tasks First, running an event alone can be very difficult, so its important to recruit others to help. Be original the members of the organization are invested in sponso bunch the event.They will be more likely to follow thro ugh and participate in all the planning details if they feel a sense of ownership for the event. Designate a chair person for the event to coordinate and supervise the entire process. Be sure that all of your team to fill out all the proper forms and obtain signatures. List the interests, abilities, and talents of the people in the gatheringing. For instances, who like to plan, who are skilled at manipulation logistics (such as organizing park, purchasing supplies, and coordinating volunteers), and who can come up with original ideas for event- and ca office-related publicity. Provide opportunities for everyone to brainstorm ideas for the groups work Trim down the list you develop and set some priorities. Factor in how well the ideas disturb the interests, abilities, and talents from the initial list. Put it all on a calendar, and and then take into direct other commitments, like exams, holidays, or other busy times. fix coordination roles, tasks, and do a naive realism commemorate on timetables and workload. Many groups cause an overly ambitious plan the first time. Check in regularly on the progress of your plans. 2.Brainstorming You would be surprised on how many great ideas your group can get from a ten-minute brainstorm Heres how to do it It is really important to create a basic planning framework at the start. It is surprising how often people get carried forth by a big idea and rush into planning it, without thinking through who the message is aimed at, what multifariousness of effect it will have on its audience or even what the objectives for it are. If you do not harmonize objectives early on, you will not be able to judge whether you are going to get the results you fancy for.So, think through the answers to the following questions The 5 Ws why? who? what? where? when? may seem blindingly obvious, but the answers will help entertain your planning on word form WHY Why do we essential to hold the event/action? Whats the nature of the opportunity? WHO Who will do it? Who are our potential allies? Who are our partners? Who is our target? Who do we want to influence? Who is our audience? Who will participate? Who is going to do all the work? WHAT What kind of event do we want to run? Outdoor? Indoor? Site-based?Is it business related, strictly social, or somewhere in between (Celebrations (fairs, parades, weddings, reunions, birthdays, anniversaries, first communions) (Education (conferences, conventions, meetings, graduations) (Promotions (product launches, political rallies, fashion shows, conventions) (Commemorations (memorials, civic events) WHERE Where do we want to do it? Venue? Site? Is the key out available? Consider seating, parking, accessibility for people with disabilities, moveation, and any have that may be required. WHEN When do we want to do it?Is it time critical? Is there an external agenda driving this? Is it weather-dependent? Will any other events conflict with your date? Finally th ere is one other vital question, and that is HOW How much is the event going to damage and where will the money come from? How long will your event hold? Once you have concrete answers to the questions listed above, you are ready to move on to develop the programs goals and objectives. 4. Setting program goals and objectives One of the importance to pre-planning is setting objectives or goals. In recite to do this, keep in hear these things. 1.Summary When planning an event accept to consider a insurelist of primary factors. They are ( meshwhen the event will be held. ? Locationwhat city or town it will be held in. ? Venuewhere will the project/event be held e. g. hotel, motel, conference centre. ? Budgetdraft budget including expected income and expenditure. ? Speakerswho is going to speak/run the event. ? Inviteeswho are you targeting to go out the event. ? Sponsorscan you obtain sponsors for the event and who are they. ? Timelineproject plan timeline for the event includi ng responsibilities for each item. Materialswhat nurture is required to give to attendees. ? Collationcollation of all material required for the event. ? Advertisinghow going to advert the event? And in what forms e. g. radio, newspaper, or email. ? Mediainvite media to attend event (if appropriate) or advertising of the event. 2. Planning At the initial meeting, consider to set up a number of objectives and form a timeline for the project or event. Important to plan the event with plenty of time to allow for all aspects of the event to happen without too many problems.Keep everyone in the loop so as all aware of what is happening and what every person is dealing with means no triple ups and some accountability to make sure everything is done wanely and within the time frame set. The dates on the timeline do not have to be set in concrete, but lack to be tensile copious to make sure everything is palmed. You should hold a meeting every two weeks with the committee/organizin g group, just to check that everything is happening as it should be and everyone understands at what stage of the timeline the event is at.Be sure that Assign tasks and roles appropriately Determine who will actually be executing the event Instruct clear expectations as to who will be responsible for each role and how exactly will they fill the role include as many people as you can because people enjoy supporting something that they played a part in planning/organizing 2. 1. Draft budget Budgeting for an event reflects on a number of embody and necessarily to be as detailed as possible otherwise, you can end up disbursal more than you anticipated.Therefore, identify the sources and amounts of potential revenue enhancement and expenses, and revise for realistic and necessary true cost and revenue updates. If you are not able to have exact figures for some of this, rate you can always correct this once you have confirmed figures and can qualifying this for the utmost bud get. (Speakers In initial contact with these people, check availability for the dates you have decided on. Establish with them if there are any costs to payment fee, airfares, and accommodation. ar there any additional costs like incidentals e. . taxis, meals? Is anyone ac beau mondeing them? Do they deal transport? A key point to also ask is what are their requirements for the event e. g. are they presenting the topics on forefinger Point, can they supply with copy, how much material do they need for the press release material or folders? promissory note that your section would usually buy the speaker a gift of thanks so this cost postulate to be put into the budget. both of this information needs to be established at the start to give you an indication of what sort of costs will be required. (VenueMost places can project you pricing by email this is helpful in preliminary draft budget planning. Pricing will reflect cost of rooms available (for the event), style of seatin g, pricing for food and beverages, electronic/AV requirements e. g. selective information projector. They may offer discounts on room hire or accommodation. Check when you need to confirm. (Sponsorship impoverishment to look at whether we can get sponsorship for the event? And if so, in what form will it be e. g. money (donation towards costs), full cost or half cost of the event, may wish to pay for speakers only and so onWhat requirements do they have for handout material, if any? Can they supply pens, pads etc. Need to discuss this right at the origination of planning the event and make sure decision is clear and in writing to all parties. Need to address and find out what they want out of the event and this in turn will push the budgeting of both expenditure and income. (Event Materials Need to determine what is going to be given to the attendees. Need to follow your organization standard folder manifestation. Need to design cover for each event and need to allow enough tim e for printing process of covers and contents etc.Need sponsors logos (electronically). An agenda, contents page, list of attendees (if relevant) to event, evaluation form all need to be decided upon, the format designed and then allow time for printing plus collation of the material once printed. Need to allow time for couriering of information to venue (if necessary). All costs for this need to be examined and put into budget (Advertising and Media Here need to address who targeting to attend the event, how they will be invited e. g. invitation in mail, electronically.Some form of registration system to be put in place ideally with one person only (so as not to duplicate any work and to have control over invoicing registrants etc). How much do we charge for registration fee Need to look at all costs (estimates) to ensure we have a successful registration fee. Do we need to involve the Media? if so do they come to the event, can they assist in promoting the event before? Need to ask these kinds of questions and again look at relevant costs. ( business line a) Finance the event before it happens. Know where the money will be coming from. Never plan to finance an event from registration fees, ticket sales or gate receipts. b) A good way to finance an event is to create a fundraising arm of the production. *Note that the event itself and the fundraising effort should not be mixed. A good way to avoid any overlap of the two is to assign a different planning team to the fundraising. These are two different responsibilities and they should be planned separately. c) There are three types of fundraising effort to cover the cost. The first is a strategic alliance.Co-branding events not only provides more name recognition for your events, but it is also a way to help cover the expenses of the event. The second option to consider is sponsorship. This option allows you to generate money, but not share as much of the spotlight. The third option is charging for attenda nce. Depending on the type of event you hold this can be a compulsive or negative thing. EVENT BUDGET TEMPLATE Event _____________________________ Date ______________________________ Expense Estimated Cost developed Cost Facility Fee Rentals (tables, dishes) Presenter/Entertainer Fee Audio/Visual Equipment Advertising/Promotion create Postage Food/Catering Decorations Transportation Security and Technicians different ____________ Other ____________ Total Expenses _______________ _______________ taxation Estimated Revenue Actual Revenue Ticket Sales Food Sales Vendor Fees Event Sponsorship Donations Other ____________ Other ____________ Total Revenue _______________ _______________ 2. 2. Event activity list/ Create a plan of action The Events performance List is good tool to use when organsing a function as each point is raised(a) and completed, it can be ticked off.This means nothing is forgotten and it is also a double check from the timeline document. excessively if you are away for any reason, someone else can easily see at what stage you are up to with the event organization. ( Date Set a date and check to make sure it doesnt conflict with your target audiences industry dates, convention dates, holidays. Need to consider at least two dates so when planning the venue, you can work around any clashes that may occur. fill some dates in mind and contract the venues to see if they are available on those dates. ( Location When booking a venue, make sure it aligns with your objectives and goals. Look at your rough agenda and find out what the ideal space would be to accomplish the events goals. ompany will incur for the event. Once you have outlined space needs for the event, brainstorm some thought places for the event and make visits. out front you head over to visit a site, sketch a list of criteria and questions for the facility and its staff. Visit several so you can make an ef fective comparison based on the events needs and budget. Check list for facilities Is the venue centrally located? Does the venue provide plenty of parking? Is the venue located near public transportation? Will the venue support our food needs? Does the venue provide for adequate space? Will the venue support our technology needs ( Speakers and performancesBefore recruiting any speakers, decide what roles the speakers will play as well as how many speakers you will need in each role. Next, brainstorm a list of the people you would like to fill the roles youve defined. Next, start recruiting the speakers and performers. incision by making a packet with information about the event, your group, and a letter explaining why you want them to speak or perform at your event. intromit a reply card and self-addressed, stamped envelope for your speaker prospects to return to you with their availability, contact information, title of their talk, audiovisual needs, how the speaker should be listed on the agenda, and ho utilize, food, and travel needs. Send packets to all of the potential speakers on your brainstorm list.Once the packets have been out for about a week, make follow up calls. Follow up calls show your commitment to the event and make speakers feel more welcomed to the event. succession on the phone, try to get a commitment and provide the speaker with all of the information they need to make a decision about attending the event. They need to supply you with their requirements for the event. What AV requirements do they have, are they bringing their presentation on disk or laptop? Do they need a data projector etc? What papers/material do they have for the folder(s)? work them aware that we need this information at least a month and a half before the event, not the week before not acceptable.If possible, make arrangements to accommodate the speakers schedule and travel needs. In addition to your initial recruitment of speakers, you should also devis e a backup plan for speakers. Its inevitable that one or more of your speakers will cancel closer to the event. If you are ready for cancellations, it will have little to no affect on the quality of your event. Go back to the list of speakers you brainstormed early in the planning. Make sure you have all necessary contact information and can reach each of them if you should need to. The back up plan will help your group plan ahead for possible pitfalls, making for smooth sailing no matter what curve crank is thrown your way.Contact speakers one week before the event and confirm their attendance, how they wish to be listed, and when and where they are speaking. Once a speaker arrives at the event, give her a name tag, remind her of when and where she is speaking, and make sure her needs have been met. Have a volunteer take the speakers to the space they will be using and make sure there is always someone available to introduce your speakers and performers to the audience. Finally, o ffer tokens of thanks and delay to the speakers and performers. to a fault we usually purchase a gift for overseas speakers something based e. g. wood, stone etc ( Catering Depending on the facilities, you have several options for serving food.Initially you will need to consider what kind of food you will serve. Get quotes from different venues look at cost and what they are offering. Is the food what you want? Can you change any menu supplied? Need to look at these sorts of things. No matter how you choose to feed the crowd, keep in mind dietary restrictions such as diabetics and restrictions on salt. Once decided on venue, look through menus and decide what you want to use for the event. Before you move on have an idea of the number of meals or snacks being served at the event and how many people you will need to feed. Closely estimate food amounts through a careful head count to minimize waste. Same with beverages as well. ( Equipment needsFor every event youll need to plan fo r equipment needs, which can include everything from tables and chairs to audio visual equipment to written materials. publication a look at your rough agenda and the list of requests from speakers and performers. Then, make a list of all of the equipment you will need for the event. Also, sketch out the layout for the event. Now, use the checklist below to prepare the equipment for the event. Make sure you leave room in your timeline and budget for acquiring the equipment you need. Some venues allow you to bring in your own equipment or equipment that you have hired specifically for the event as well. Checklist of Possible Equipment necessitate ? overhead projector ? VCR/TV ? microphones flip charts with markers ? dry erase/chalk boards with markers or chalk ? cups and fresh water ? podium ? megaphone Have to decide who you are targeting for the event. Then decide what kind of invitation you want i. e. printed invitation, electronic email flyer, booklet etc. All of these will hav e different costs associated and all costs need to be budgeted for. Also a time frame for getting anything printed allow 2-3 weeks 2 months before, so will be able to send out the printed invitations 4-5 weeks ahead of the event and arrange to have follow up calls i. e. someone to ring every single person who has not replied about their attendance to the event.It is time consuming but done properly usually can increase numbers significantly as not everyone replies to invites, often they just arrive. This doesnt help your section with catering, handout materials or seating for the event or budgeting so its important to follow up. Suggest once you have an invitation list (either printed or electronic) supply list to executive so they can confirm attendance/non attendance of invitees. ( Publicity This is promotions or basically letting people know about the event. *Remember part of a successful event is to actually have patrons. Without passing(prenominal) support your event cannot b e counted a success. This area requires much attention and effort. It may also be a long- term process. Remember that the advertising should be geared towards the participants you want to target. This is things you will need to take to the event such as handouts, paper, markers and white board, name tag etc. (Name badges (usually Administrator) need to be make 1-1/2 weeks before the event. Be sure to consist of persons name and organization (do not put titles etc). Include badges for speakers as well. paper, stapler, scissors, paper clips, drawing pins and anything else that people may ask for or that you can use so as not having to ask the venue as sometimes they dont have them. Gifts for speakers/guests especially overseas guests are necessary.Decide on awards items and identify sources to purchase them. Add cost into the budget for this. Needs to be gift wrapped and have a thank you card attached. ( Photographer If you need one for the event, book them well ahead of the event, as they are intemperately to get, would suggest 3-4 months before and again ring 2-3 people and get quotes. Once booked put all contact details on shred for ease of access by anyone else who may have to contact them. Make sure they understand what your company wants from the photos. ( Logistics & Contingency Plans Good logistics planning ensures your event will run smoothly. Prior to the event you need to send out communications to event staff. Staffing to scheduleReceptionist Make sure they are prepped with a cheat aeroplane if people call. Technical Staff Make sure they are standing by and know you need the servers to be free of any large processing. Runners Get a few people to help as indispensable. Train Runner and Receptionist and create information cards. Q&A Managers Have someone assigned to handle the Q&A and chat. Plants or audience seeds Have someone dialed in and armed with a few questions to get the Q&A rolling if necessary. Reserve the following Technology Phone lines and Web technology for all calls (test yourself before displace out. and make arrangements for the archive recording. Rooms Made available for presenters and support team for all calls.Equipment Laptops, servers, phones, back-up equipment, etc. for all calls. Contingency Plans Backup Equipment Modem and remote. Communication Line Have a direct line with the operator at all times. Send your team and speakers an e-mail with everyones contact information in case there is a problem. ( Emergency Services (such as ambulance service, secured money transfers and handling through a reputable protective covering company). These need to be on the scene or on call during the event *Very important The little things make a big difference Always do one more check to validate the logins and phone numbers. Have water near each speaker. Have notepads and paper available.Print hard copies of all the presentations One copy for you and one for each speaker. Test backup equipment. Create an d post relaxation signs. REMEMBER Over-communicating is better than under-communicating Constantly send reminder notes during the event process and planning stages. ( Running ragtime This is a breakdown of the event on the day, broken into 10-15 minute intervals (see example). All staff and speakers/guests will get one of these so as they know exactly what is happening on the day and who is speaking and for how long. There is protocol to follow when scheduling speakers as well. Heres a sample checklist for an event that will help you work out what needs to be done and make everyones jobs easy to follow. Date (function date) Start time Finish time Location address Location phone number dignitarys Name Position nerve Phone number Special Mentions Name Position Organization Phone number Key Contacts Name Position Organization Phone number RUNNING winding-clothes Item Action Responsibility Budg et Deadline Completed Required SIGNAGE Production measure Delivery fix Removal Storage Other SECURITY Venue Hospitality Cash Other TICKETING Branding Quantity Staff Outlets Other 2. 3. After the Event The final stage of the event entails cleaning up and thanking everyone who helped make the event happen.Organize a clean-up crew to make sure the facility is as clean. Do not obstruct to send thank you notes to speakers, performers, organizations, and volunteers who made the event a success. After all is said and done, get together with the members of your group and evaluate the event. Discuss what worked well and what should be changed for next year. Do not forget to look at whether or not the event gross(a) its goals. Finally, celebrate your accomplishment and reflect on a job well done. 2. Create event timeline (One year Set date and site for your event Develop goals and objectives for the event Develop the theme for event Draft version of revenue & expense budget.If this is a fundraising event, contact the Office of College Development, Marketing & PR. (Six Months discuss facilities, services, and contracts make believe Event time table Construct a realistic budget for event. Building revenue sources is very important. Set event pricing. Leadership structure of event identified Specify staff responsibilities Create a plan for use of volunteers how many needed & outline of duties Establish publicity plan in conjunction with Office of College Development, Marketing & PR Prepare twitch releases Design draft of invitation package & related materials Prepare guest lists Draft program and script Negotiate for special speakersGet lists of A-V equipment needed by all participants Negotiate with site and catering managers Solicit or purchase giveaways and/or souvenirs (Three Months Clarify details and instructions for menus, recep tions fix site layout, sound & decorating Complete in-kind solicitations Prepare checklist for items & people you need at event Arrange for a photographer Arrange for recording/ attach Finalize design for invitation, program & materials (Two Months Event invitations mailed Monitor invitation response Fine tune event schedule Fine tune event program timeline (One Month Make or order final visuals Order necessary signageAlert press if coverage is desired Make detailed arrangement charts Arrange for last minute reproduction of papers, handouts, if needed Confirm all agreements in writing with speakers, suppliers, etc. (Two Weeks rear checklist & materials for event Prepare releases for invited media Arrange for any VIP transportation, such as out-of-town invited speaker pickup arm at airport Reconfirm all arrangements with suppliers (food, shipping, audio-visual, etc) Set seating charts if needed Schedule any rehearsals needed (One Week Prepare name badges Order any VIP amenities (T wo days Go over your checklist Review plans with LeadershipCheck on arrival of all shipped materials and equipment Secure storage of materials and equipment Check handout materials Reconfirm photographer (One Day Check weather report for possible effect on event Review plans with electrician and other facilities staff Arrange to meet speakers and special guests Distribute duplicate event setup plans to staff Final briefings to staff on responsibilities Finalize meal guarantee if necessary with caterer fare rehearsal (Two hours Check room/venue setup Check micros and PA equipment Check A/V equipment Arrange handout materials for use Check for necessary personnel Check for signage in place (One arcminute Introduce invited speakers to other participants Check on place cards, if appropriateCheck on recording/ taping operator Check lectern light and stage props Give program participants any last minute instructions (After the event Pay all invoices Write thank you notes and send gifts Complete your expenditures and match to budget After the event, it is crucial for the group to evaluate your efforts. The evaluation process should consist of the following (Audience feedback Make sure that you conduct an honest evaluation of the event for a greater chance of future success. Brainstorm a list of the things that worked and made the conference a success and a list of the things you would change the next time the group organizes a conference.Ask questions such as (Did you feel the events goals and objectives were accomplished? (What area(s) did you think went well? (What area(s) did you think could have used improvements? (Which vendors should be used again? (Which vendors should not be used again? (What items/services were missing? (Was the event well attended? (Was informal and formal feedback about the event arrogant? You can distribute the evaluation by mail, email or having it available on your organizations website/event website. Keep evaluations on file for fut ure reference and record in a place where future members of the group will be able to learn from your efforts.It is important to flirt with to celebrate your success and to thank everyone who contributed to the success of the event CONCLUSION In many ways, event planning is linked to advertising and marketing. The planner needs to imagine the event is a product or brand, and then develop and promote it in a creative way. Ultimately, whats important is that the attendees (the consumers) have a positive experience that leaves them feeling good about the organizers. The same applies whether the organizer is a business, charity or family. You need to be a well organized worker who is skilled in co-ordination, particularly with regard to logistics. Your presentation and communication skills should be excellent, and you should be able to motivate other people.Knowledge of marketing and press relations is invaluable, along with a creative approach to solving problems and making things hap pen. Above all, you must be a hard worker, who is prepared to put in extra hours to ensure that the job gets done within budget and on time. This work requires perfection, so you must be willing to pay attention to every detail. Not every event will fit perfectly into the following schedule and youll have to use your best judgement on handling last minute mishaps that may happen despite splendid co-ordination and arrangements. Event Planning has become more of a necessity nowadays. It has become a fundamental part of the society, to help us to run smoothly the events, with everything professionally organized.No doubt, time is money nowadays and managing events at such short notices becomes even more impossible. Especially when behind every function success is to be certain. Thats why, we Event Planners are here for. Making every occasion more unique, outstanding, lively and of course memorable that every attendees admire. As long as you have the desire, your rewarding is your clien ts satisfactory. REFERENCES Vietnamese 1. Nguy? n wagon train K? t, CD-Rom Tai li? u mon Nghi? p v? thu ky van phong 2. PGS. TS. D? ng Th? Thanh Phuong, ThS. Nguy? n Th? Ng? c An, Nghi? p v? thu ky giam d? c th? i d? i m? i, NXB Th? ng Ke. Websites 1. http//www. tuvannhansu. om/cong-nghe-cham-soc-khach-hang/cong-viec-thuong-ngay-cua-dich-vu-khach-hang/102 2. http//www. tuvannhansu. com/cong-nghe-cham-soc-khach-hang/cong-viec-thuong-ngay-cua-dich-vu-khach-hang/97 3. http//www. snc. edu/planning/program. html 4. http//docs. google. com/ spectator? a=v&q=cache5KR8QIMiwbQJwww. feministcampus. org/fmla/program-materials/pdf/6 EventPlanning%2520thru%2520Public%2520Speaking. pdf+planning+event+successfully&hl=vi&gl=vn&pelvic inflammatory disease=bl&srcid=ADGEESgeL87csTsCUPENPIDFJaZDY8wSPoKRETYYrbx3EehSnzVVWY419IrG PCtBXBdHIF_24Da9BhjQHoH99ZN4gM_BGpwlPXIuRynGW0PFrXAxW7-oF7A95hm0BHL120w0CliGmvEj&sig=AHIEtbT9Fp8dgvD44PJCZqPLmt4Zz0Mncg 5. http//www. girlmeetsbusiness. com/plan-event